Monday, June 6, 2016

M6 CHAPTER 8: RESEARCH FOR CONSERVATION THEME

My chosen topic is “Healthy Rivers”, as this is a significant issue in Australia. The Murray-Darling river sytem is the largest one in Australia with a combined length over 3,500km. The introduction of European farming and irrigation techniques has resulted in too much water being taken out of the river, causing issues with flow, erosion and salinity, affecting  fish, plants and other wildlife. Large variations in the water supply occur due to seasonal rain fall, drought and floods, making management even more complex. Water flow in the Murray-Darling river is now regulated through dams and locks and limits on the amount of water which can be extracted. Programs to improve water quality have also been introduced. The Coorong, a natonal park area at the mouth of the river, is a particularly beautiful place that people are keen to preserve.

Page 1: This shows various words I have written down realted to the theme, particularly to express abstract concepts. These include stagnation, healthy, thirsty, serenity, salty, meandering, interdependent, abundant, fertile, desperation, anger, alive, balancing, branching.

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Page 2: Rough sketch of the Murray-Darling River system with its many tributaries.

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Page 3: Pen and water colour sketches of various elements related to the river, including cracked earth, birds, crops, river mouth and native grasses.

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Design Exercises

1. Black paper: This was cut, manipulated or torn into various shapes to try to represent the meanings of selected words:

a) gentle, bend, rhythmical
b) cracked, branching, combined
c) enclosed, entwined

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d) cracked, dry, parched, barren
e) partnership, interdependent
f) salinity
g) restful, serenity, gentle, flowing

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h) extremes, cycles
i) alive, branching, freedom
j) frenzied, fierce, angry

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2. Decorated papers: Selected shapes were torn or cut from decorative papers prepared previously. These were used to start developing some early concepts for the design of the final piece (wall hanging). Colours relevant to the words were used where possible. They included:
a) bend, gentle, rhythmical
b) extremes – angry, fierce, frenzied

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c) salinity, crystalline – note shape was changed from exercise 1 after reference to photos of actual salt crystals

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d) cracked, dry, parched, barren
e) and g) freedom, branching, alive
f) extremes, cycles

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h) cracked, combined, branching

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I realised that the bottom shape was relevant to both a branching river and the parched, cracked earth in a drouhgt, so then looked at the idea of using the same shape in two different colours to give opposite impressions. This could be the basis for an interesting design element (2 i).

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j) and k) ears of grain can be used to give an impression of growth, abundance

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l) wavy water shapes depicting flow, tranquility superimposed on a background of dried up earth (photocopy of a dyed cloth) and  
m) branched river shape superimposed on a background of dried up earth (photocopy of a dyed cloth)

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3. Reference to some earlier fabric samples
These two samples were produced in the 2015 Summer School class with Sarah Burgess. I thought both of them were relevant to this new topic. The fragments of stitched lines in the first reminded me of the branches of a river. The second long one, with three panels and a strong blue line running through it,  reminded me of a series of scenes along a river.

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4. Initial rough design concept

I distilled the words researched earlier into 6 that seemed most relevant to the theme:
- drought
- flood
- salinity
- cycles 
- abundance
- flow

I also liked the idea of a strong image of a river running through the piece as the unifying theme.

This mock up (only A3 at this stage) shows an idea of overlaying the six concepts along the river. I plan to use this as  a starting point for my workshop at Summer School 2016. I am thinking of calling the work “River Cycle”.

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Tuesday, May 3, 2016

M6, CHAPTER 7: USE OF DISSOLVABLE FABRICS

 

1. TESTING FABRICS

Five dissolvable fabrics were sourced.  All were tested for ease of machining and how readily they dissolved. All claimed to be dissolvable in cold water but I found that the speed and amount of water required to achieve this varied. Each film was machined in 3 ways: a firmish straight grid, a spiral and a looser zigzag grid.

Series 1. Soluble webbing (generic brand recommended by local Bernina store): Easy to machine, dissolved readily in cold water.

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Series 2. Aquabond 2 film (Art Van Go): This plastic-type film peels off a backing and is sticky on one side. Not so good for general use, but handy for holding other bits of fabric or thread in place while you machine over them. Dissolved moderately well in cold water.

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Series 3. Vilene Soluweb: Pretty similar to fabric 1.Easy to machine, dissolved readily in cold water.

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Series 4. Romeo Film:  Appearance like a sheet of plastic. A bit more resistant/firm to machine but OK. Dissolved more slowly in cold water, better in hot water.

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Series 5. Ultra Solvy: Appearance like a sheet of plastic. A bit more resistant/firm to machine but OK. Dissolved more slowly in cold water, better in hot water.

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Below is a picture of the above samples after dissolving the soluble stabiliser.

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After these experiments I concluded that all could be suitable for various machine embroidery tasks.  I decided to use fabric 1, the generic soluble webbbing for my next round of samples, due to all round ease of use, especially the dissolving step.

2. EXPERIMENTING WITH DIFFERENT STITCH METHODS

The next 2 pictures show the samples after machining and then after dissolving the stabiliser. Descriptions refer to row number then left-L , centre - C  or right – R.

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Row 1 L: Grid pattern, straight stitch, combination of machine thread and thicker rayon thread

Row 1 C: Grid pattern, zigzag with low upper tension, combination of machine thread and thicker rayon thread

Row 1, R: Loopy pattern, zigzag with low upper tension, combination of machine thread and thicker rayon thread

Row 2 L: Combination of diagonal rows and loops, straight stitch, cable, two types of perle threads plus machine thread

Row 2, C & R: two attempts to construct a leaf shape using straight stitch, with perle threads  (C) and machine/metallic threads R

Row 3 L: Cable stitch in zigzag loops using silk chenille thread in lower bobbin

Row 3 C: Straight cable stitch in a zigzag grid using silk chenille thread in lower bobbin

Row 3 R: Straight stitch grid pattern with metallic and machine threads

3. SOLUBLE LACE SAMPLES BASED ON SEA AND SKY DRAWINGS & PHOTOS

Sample 1: Cloud pattern using straight stitch and combination of perle and machine threads. Generic soluweb was used as the stabiliser.

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Sample 2: Bubbles in spa  using combination of machine and perle threads. Generic soluweb was used as the stabiliser.

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Sample 3a (left): First attempt to represent breaking waves using loopy pattern with combination of perle threads, machine threads  and white knitting yarn. I felt this result was too heavy, so I created a second sample with a much lighter feel. Generic soluweb was used as the stabiliser.

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Sample 3b (right): Second attempt to produce a more open representation of breaking waves using less dense loopy stitching with machine threads, slightly thicker rayon thread and very fine white perle thread. Romeo film was used as the stabiliser. This result was more visually pleasing.

Sample 4: Sunset produced with wavy stitching, trapped dark blue sheer fabric and combination of machine and perle threads. Aquabond film was used as the stabiliser.

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Sample 5: Ripples on water produced with straight stitcing and combination of machine and metallic threads. Ultra Solvy was used as the stabiliser.

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M6, CHAPTER 6: CUTWORK

Two multi-layered samples were produced using some of the earlier cut paper samples  as inspiration. Then I broadened the scope by making some variations based on my previous samples, drawings and photographs.

Sample 1: 2 layers with combinations of straight and zigzag sitching using a variety of threads. Bottom layer had been shibori dyed and top layer was coloured with painted Vliesofix.  I thought the combination of horizontal and vertical shapes in this piece was very effective.

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Sample 2: 3 layers – bottom plain black cotton,  middle coarser green cotton fabric, top silk organza coloured with painted Vliesofix. Top two layers were machined, with a range of colours and thicker wool threaded through the stitching on the middle layer to give the wavy lines.

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Sample 3: Design based on drawing of  froth/bubbles. Dyed cotton as base with a looser dyed cotton scrim on top. Combination of zigzag and straight stitching in perle, rayon and machine threads. Outlining added for emphasis after scrim cut away.

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Sample 4: Design based on photo of waterfall. 3 layers – hand dyed light brown felt as base, middle layer aqua dyed cotton scrim and top layer white polyester sheer fabric. Bottom layer stitched with straight stitches, middle layer with swirls and top layer with white zigzag over the sheer.

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Sample 5: Design based on photo of bubbles in pond. 3 layers – base was silk organza coloured with iron on painted film, second layer was hand dyed cotton scrim with frayed loopy white machine stitching, top was painted bubble wrap held down with straight machine stitching.

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Sample 6:  Design based on a drawing of ripples. 3 layers were used.  The top layer was a sample from Chaper 4 - a synthetic mauve/blue sheer coloured with Vliesofix  which had ripple lines drawn in crayon. The bottom layer was  a Thai silk blue/pink shot fabric and the middle layer a coarse aqua  polyester cotton fabric. Ripple patterns were represented with wavy stitching using a combination of machine, perle , metallic threads and variegated wool with the middle and top layers cut away in turn. Additional straight stitching for added effect was worked to roughly follow the crayon ripple lines on the top layer. I thought the final result was interesting and greatly improved the coloured fabric sample produced in Chapter 4, which I didn’t find particularly appealing.

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Monday, February 29, 2016

M6 CHAPTER 5: FREE MACHINE STITCHERY TO INTERPRET DRAWINGS

 

This section shows several samples of free machine stitching inspired by my drawings in Chapter 1.  I tried to experiment with a range of backgrounds, colours, threads and stitches to achieve different effects and textures. The methods are briefly described below.

Sample 1: Cirrus clouds
Background: shibori dyed homespun
Threads: machine threads in blues & greys
Stitching: free machined zig-zag stitches in varying lengths

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Sample 2: Foam bubbles
Background: dyed homespun
Threads: machine threads and Perle 5 in blues & purples
Stitching: free  machined straight stitches, cable stitch and whipstitch.

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Sample 3: Waterfall
Background: dyed homespun
Threads: machine thread, rayon thread,   Perle 5 and silk chenille in blues, yellow-greens and red-browns
Stitching: straight stitches and cable stitch.

The silk chenille added a nice textural effect to this sample.

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Sample 4: Sunset
Background: shibori dyed muslin
Threads: machine thread, rayon thread,   and Perle 5 in yellow, orange and red-brown
Stitching: Free machine straight stitches, cable and whipstitch. Extra yellow threads as highlights were couched on top with zig-zag.

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Sample 5: Foam bubbles
Background: shibori dyed muslin
Threads: machine threads in orange, blue & green.
Stitching: Free machined circular whipstitch trying to pull the muslin.

An even more open weave may have resulted in a greater pulled effect. Nevertheless I liked the results in this sample.

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Sample 6: Cumulus clouds (Monet inspired)Background:  dyed homespun cotton
Threads: machine threads and  Perle 5 in white, blue, purple & black.
Stitching: Free machined straight & zig-zag stitches, including cable stitch.

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Sample 7: Ripples
Background:  dyed wool/rayon felt blend
Threads: machine threads and  Perle 5 in  blues & black, with silver metallic highlights.
Stitching: Free machined straight stitches in oval shapes, including cable stitch.

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Sample 8: Sunset (picture from weather calendar)
Background: semi-transparent white silk organza coloured with multicoloured crayon design transferred from paper with mild heat. Finished sample was mounted on purple card so the colour showed through the semi-transparent organza.
Threads: machine threads  in  yellows, oranges & black.
Stitching: Mixture of zig-zag and a closed loop decorative stitch chosen from the machine menu.

I liked this sample and thought the effects on/under the organza were very interesting.

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Sample 9: Cumulus Clouds
Background: Nylon net backed with a sheer blue polyester fabric.
Threads: machine threads, Perle 5 and silk chenille in teal blue, black and mauve.
Stitching: Mixture of free-machined zig-zag and straight stitches, including cable stitch.

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Sample 10: Spa water
Background: Nylon net backed with a sheer blue polyester fabric.
Threads: white machine thread.
Stitching: Mixture of free-machining and rows of a decorative straight-style stitch (not simple straight stitch) chosen from the machine menu. This added a bit more definition and texture to the rows of stitching.

Some of the net was cut away to produce blue areas around the patches of white “foam”. This added to the contrast and gave a pleasing effect which could be developed further.

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Sample 11: Waterfall
Background: Apricot polyester/cotton fabric with painted Vliesofix bonded to it.
Threads: coloured machine threads plus some  metallic threads for highlights.
Stitching: Mixture of straight stitch, free machining and rows of a decorative loopy stitch chosen from the machine menu.

I liked this sample and thought the stitch effects on the bonded background worked well together.

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Saturday, February 27, 2016

M6 CHAPTER 4: FABRICS & THREADS–COLOURING & BONDING

 

Dyes: A selection of Procion MX dyes were used to colour the fabrics & threads. Colours were selected to fit in with the colour schemes I wanted to explore from my earlier pictures of sky and water.

Colour Concentrates: A concentrate of each colour was prepared using 15 or 30 mL dye powder to 250mL hot tap water. A soda ash solution was prepared with 3 tablespoons soda ash to 1 L hot water.

Dilute dye solutions: These  were prepared using various proportions of dye concentrate/soda ash/warm water. In general I found that equal quantities  gave a good, reasonably vibrant result. Much paler colours were produced with a ratio of 1:2:3 dye/soda ash/water.

Dyed Threads: A variety of thick and thin threads were used (Perle, stranded). They were mainly space-dyed in a shallow tray with small quantities of dye solution spooned or painted onto the threads, which had been presoaked in dilute soda ash solution (30mL concentrate to 500mL water).  They were left for several hours or overnight before rinsing.

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Dyed Fabrics:Homespun cotton, calico and a finer, more open weave cotton muslin were dyed in a range of colours, using various shibori techniques (clamping, binding, twisting) to create some interesting colour effects. I also tried to dye some small pieces of felt which I thought were wool or a predominantly wool blend, but the uptake of the dye was relatively weak so I concluded that they must have had a high synthetic content (see below).

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Set 1: Manipulated fabrics were pre-soaked for 10-15 minutes in dilute soda ash solution, placed in a shallow tray and dye mixtures applied with a spoon or brush. These were left in contact with the fabric for 30 to 45 minutes before rinsing. The first two pictures show examples of the dyed cottons &  and the third is the muslin.

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Set 2: These fabrics were not presoaked. They were spread out in a shallow tray and the dye painted onto the fabric. As soon as the dye had been applied the fabrics were sprinkled with large salt crystals and left for 45 to 60 minutes before rinsing. This gave interesting effects and subtle variations of tone where the dye had been drawn into the salt.

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Bonded Colour: Attempts were made to colour Vliesofix with several drawing materials that I had on hand, including coloured pencils, Neocolor crayons, two types of pastels, and watercolour paints (as a change from acrylic). The pencils and pastels were not very successful as they tended to tear the webbing (see first photo below).

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I had a little more success with the crayons.

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but the best results were with the painted Vliesofix.

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Fabrics with coloured webbing applied. The webbing was applied using the iron on a dry setting and fairly low temperauure. Care was taken to use baking paper above and below the “sandwich” to protect the iron and ironing board.

Note how the applied colour can be enhanced by the choice of background fabric.

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